Wooded grasslands in Netherlands
25.09.2017, by Bénédicte Gaillard
How/why/by, whom was it created?
Research: Hans Renes; upload: Bénédicte Gaillard. The entries are still in process
Occurence
Wood pasture
• Medieval systems
• Pastures wih trees
• Grazed woodlands
• Hunting parks
All these landscapes have all but disappeared in the Netherlands, but are recently reintroduced in nature management
• Early modern systems: particularly orchards
Physical geography: description
Orchards
• Until the 19th century: small-scale and dispersed. Larger density in and around towns.
• 1880s: grain crisis, globalisation, modernisation. Proces of self-strengthening specialisation
• concentration in a few regions
• in those regions industry, education, marketing infrastructure
Is it combined with/connected to something typical (traditional)?
- Old orchards: ‘high’ trees, individually planted, many different types (spreading of risks, income, workload), combined with pasture (‘fruit pastures’). Located near farms.
- Modern orchards: larger (South-Limburg: from valleys to plateaus), aiming at maximum production, low and uniform trees (possibility of mechanisation). Look very different on air photographs.
- Some of the old orchards are preserved for reasons of landscape and biodiversity. Much work done by volunteers. Profit from growing interest in local products.
|
1900 |
1950 |
1980 |
1990 |
Old orchards South-Limburg (1900 = 100) |
100 |
142 |
51 |
51 |
ponedeljek, September 25, 2017 - 15:41